Princeton Readings in Political Thought - Mitchell Cohen, Nicole Essay

Princeton Readings in Political Thought - Mitchell Cohen, Nicole Fermon. V.I. Lenin, Roskin, Sun Tzu - Essay Example Frequently, in any case, war starts on the grounds that there is a monetary advantage to taking part in viciousness. What may end war is the developing association of countries for monetary dependability. As creating countries keep on joining the developing number of interlaced economies, world harmony might be accomplished where ‘war’ becomes quick takeovers through financial control that happens without brutality. One case of a war that was battled about the revelation of a distinction in philosophies yet was locked in for the motivations behind financial favorable circumstances is the Vietnam War. The base issue of the contention starts with the dominion of France and of Japan as those countries grabbed hold of Indochinese regions with the expectation of overseeing those areas. As Communism developed in China, the pioneer of Ho Chi Minh started to take regions that were close to the Chinese fringes, exploiting both France and Japan whose militaries were feeble in contrast with the Chinese (Tucker). As the united countries participated in going to the guide of France with respect to the regions being referred to, the purposeful publicity of the war was that it was being battled to spare the Vietnamese individuals from the abhorrences of Communism, yet truly the partners went to the guide of Imperialistic French interests, making the war adapted upon financial aspects instead of belief systems. Radical conviction frameworks don't generally require a financial establishment for the endeavor to rule the world, yet financial aspects will propel a lot of the results and activities of different countries in light of war. Radical conviction frameworks can't be overwhelmed by any feeling of reason and should be occupied with request to stem the brutality that may originate from conviction frameworks that rebate the privilege to life. A case of this kind of pioneer can be seen in Adolf Hitler. Nonetheless, even World War II happened

Discovery Of Losartan Potassium Health And Social Care Essay

Revelation Of Losartan Potassium Health And Social Care Essay Losartan is the principal angiotensin II receptor enemy medication to be advertised for use chiefly to treat (hypertension). Losartan was first found in March 1986 by researchers on their first assignments at a corporate research lab, in Du Pont, as DuP 753(Merck 954), an exceptionally intense and orally dynamic non-peptide Ang II receptor adversary. At that point, DuPont as an organization was fairly new to pharmaceutical business. The organization had recently been managing in synthetic concoctions, however the during the 1970s when the interest for Petroleum and its related items gaseous petrol drove costs high, the board endeavored to enhance the business by looking for different business roads to lessen their reliance on synthetics in a desire for likewise expanding their benefit. Because of making new business, DuPont had wandered into pharmaceuticals and other life sciences organizations by the 1980s. Losartan work was one of the mixes DuPont look into labs dealt with. The org anization being freshness here of business, employed Robert I. Taber, a researcher with two many years of research involvement in Schering, to head pharmaceutical research at DuPont.It was Taber who perceived the territories of possibilities and urged the examination group to dig further. Be that as it may, DuPont being a genuinely youthful organization in these zones would prompt other profound issues, and these issues were immediately settled by a coordinated effort with the more experienced Merck, who additionally perceived the Potential of Losartan and persuaded DuPont that there was more to be picked up by chipping away at Losartan. Improvement of Losartan was done after a progression of endeavors. The last market item was Co-Developed with Scientists from both Merck DuPont. [BHARDWAJ, G., 2006] Losartan was endorsed by the FDA in April 1995, and it was then propelled that month as the first non-peptide against hypertensive medication in the new class of Ang II receptor adversaries. Merck began selling losartan under the exchange names CozaarT and HyzaarT with yearly deals in overabundance of $3 Billion Dollars by 2005. Substance Structure (IUPAC) terminology (2-butyl-4-chloro-1-{[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) biphenyl-4-yl] methyl}-1H-imidazol-5-yl) methanol Substance information Recipe C22H23ClN6O Mol. mass 422.91 Activity of Losartan Losartan specifically hinders all Ang II reactions that have been contemplated and brought down circulatory strain in a few creature models of renin-subordinate hypertension. In creatures, the antihypertensive viability of losartan has been seen as like that of the ACE Inhibitors (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors) however, in contrast to ACE inhibitors, losartan is a progressively particular inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin framework since it doesn't influence the digestion of kinins. Contrasted and peptide Ang II rivals (for example saralasin), losartan has huge points of interest, including a long term of activity, successful oral assimilation and no Ang II agonist action. [SIEGL, P.K., 1993] Signs Hypertension Losartan tablets is demonstrated for the treatment of hypertension. Losartan can be utilized alone or utilized in mix with other antihypertensive specialists, including diuretics. [Rx LIST THE INTERNET DRUG INDEX., 2009] Hypertensive Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Losartan is additionally demonstrated in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy to decrease the danger of stroke, yet there has been an examination to recommend that Losartan isn't useful with Black patients in diminishing the danger of stroke. [Rx LIST THE INTERNET DRUG INDEX.,2009] In the LIFE study, it was discovered that Black patients with states of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy had a lower danger of stroke on atenolol than on Losartan. Be that as it may, there was a few inadequacies of the LIFE study, as it didn't give proof that the advantages of Losartan in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy by lessening the danger of cardiovascular occasions applied to Black patients. [Rx LIST THE INTERNET DRUG INDEX.,2009] Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Losartan is likewise helpful in the treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy, where there is a height of serum creatinine and proteinuria (urinary egg whites to creatinine proportion à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¥ 300 mg/g) in patients that have type 2 diabetes and a background marked by hypertension. In this gathering, Losartan has been appeared to decrease the pace of movement of the nephropathy. This is estimated by the event of multiplying of serum creatinine or end stage renal ailment where there is requirement for dialysis or renal transplantation. [Rx LIST THE INTERNET DRUG INDEX.,2009] Explicit PRODUCTS ( CONTAINING THIS DRUG) AVAILABLE FOR USE IN GIVEN CONDITION Mix treatment: A blend treatment is utilized if losartan monotherapy alone isn't adequate to control hypertension. Thus, losartan is accessible in blend with hydrochlorothiazide in various qualities as follows:[BRITISH NATIONAL FORMULARY., 2009] Losartan 50mg + Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Losartan 100mg + Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg Losartan 100mg + Hydrochlorothiazide 25mg. The above mix is utilized for treatment of hypertension and stroke in patients with coronary illness. It is a solution just medication. [MEDICINES AND HEALTH CARE PRODUCTS REGULATORY AGENCY., 2009] Proof FOR EFFICACY FOR THIS TREATMENT. Clinical preliminaries have indicated a superior productivity of losartan as an antihypertensive without anyone else and a further higher effectiveness in a consolidated state with hydrochlorothiazide. For instance : a twofold visually impaired, multicenter, randomized, equal gathering study performed on African Americans (who are commonly less receptive to monotherapy from any hypertensive class), with extreme hypertension have indicated a noteworthy decrease in sitting diastolic and systolic circulatory strain with losartan monotherapy (45.8%) when contrasted and fake treatment (27.2%) . In a similar report, the blend losartan/hydrochlorothiazide routine indicated huge higher decreases (62.7%) in circulatory strain contrasted and losartan monotherapy or fake treatment. Increasingly finished, both the regimens i.e losartan monotherapy and the losartan/hydrochlorothiazide were also endured as the placebo[FLACK, et al., 2001]. Different investigations were performed on hypertensive pa tients who had suspended treatment with calcium channel blockers and angiotensin changing over chemical inhibitors because of symptoms like fringe edema or dry hack individually. These patients when treated with losartan have appeared as much decrease and power over pulse as they use to with past therapies.[GIOVANNETTI, et al., 1997]. Furthermore, strangely it has likewise been seen that the clinical reactions were insignificant with losartan treatment and the haematologic and biochemical profiles were additionally not upset. [GIOVANNETTI, et al., 1997] Studies performed on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic parameters of losartan on sound male volunteers and furthermore on extraordinary patient gatherings like older patients with renal impedance and those having liver illness, recommend that losartan is orally dynamic and its impact goes on for more than 24 hours. None of the patient gatherings demonstrated any noteworthy pharmacokinetic interactions[McINTYRE, et al., 1997]. Losartan 50mg seems, by all accounts, to be a sheltered beginning and upkeep portion in most patient populaces. In any case, when an added substance impact is required, it very well may be effectively joined with thiazide diuretics to accomplish the objective circulatory strain. Losartan has low stopping rate and it has likewise been seen that it was not related with hack even in patients who experience this reaction with to ACE inhibitors [McINTYRE, et al., 1997]. A BRIEF COMPARISON WITH OTHER MEDICINAL PRODUCT USED TO TREAT THE SAME AILMENT Losartan potassium, is an angiotensin receptor foe (AT1) utilized in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular sicknesses. In any case, a correlation with other ARB(e.g. valsartan and candesartan) shows that, these medications have a similar instrument of activity, however, their disparities in pharmacokinetic profile might be liable for their disparities in adequacy in the treatment of hypertension. Losartan and valsartan when looked at, showed a comparative decrease in pulse at a lower focus ,be that as it may, valsartan has a higher reaction rate and increasingly powerful 24hours circulatory strain control rate at the portion of 160mg and 80mg individually than losartan at 100mg and 50mg respectively.[BURNIER BRUNNER 2000]. Candesartan 8mg and 16mg has likewise exhibited a more enduring antihypertensive impact than losartan 50mg and 100mg in walking BP monitoring.[LACOURCIERE ASMAR 1999] A short examination with other restorative items from the different class like B-adrenergic blocker(e.g. atenolol), ACEI(e.g. enerlapril), calcium channel blocker(e.g. felodipine) and diuretics depended on the adequacy, averageness and wellbeing in the treatment of fundamental hypertension. Losartan , when contrasted with amilodipine has been appeared with display a comparative clinically significant decrease in patients with systolic circulatory strain, in any case, losartan was better endured as confirm by less clinically unfriendly effect(CAE)and suspension contrast and amlodipine [VOLPE, et al., 2003]. In the interim, in the differentiating impact of losartan, nifedipine GIT, and fosinopril on the mobile circulatory strain, heart structure and work, and defensive capacity of the endothelium in patients with basic hypertension, nifedipine GIT is better than others in plate-granule film protein (GMP), while fosinopril and losartan had a preffered activity to nifedipine GIT in turni ng around ventricular hypertrophy, be that as it may, losartan was preferable endured over different medications [QI XIURONG 2001]. Losartan potassium has been known to display a less medication related unfriendly impact as opposed to other therapeutic items in different classes utilized in the treatment of hypertension. [GOLDBERG, et al., 1995] I

How to Write the Columbia University Supplement 2019-2020 TKG

How to Write the Columbia University Supplement 2019-2020 An acceptance to Columbia College, the undergraduate liberal arts college of Columbia University, is one of the most sought-after acceptances in the world. The small student-body is critical to maintaining a smaller-school feel smack dab in a big school in the heart of New York City, but it also means that there aren’t very many spaces open each year. Known for intense academics and a competitive environment that keeps students on their toes, Columbia is able to attract globally-renowned scholars as professors and visiting lecturers, granting students access to world leaders on almost any subject. Knowing this, it shouldn’t come as a surprise that a lot of people want to get it, but only around 5% of students who apply to Columbia are accepted. The Columbia supplement is reasonably easy for a tough school. Compared to Stanford, it may well be a walk in the park. This can be misleading, though. While there are only a few real questions, they are letting you know who they are looki ng for even when they ask you for a list. Don’t have a diverse media diet? Columbia is not the school for you. If you’re a Columbia-type kid, they can tell. If you’re not, it’s hard to fake it.  The 2019-2020 supplement for Columbia is the same as last year’s, but we like to take a fresh look at the questions even if we’ve seen them before.  List a few words or phrases that describe your ideal college community. (150 words or less)This is your first introduction to Columbia’s apparent obsession with lists. Most of this supplement, in fact, will be comprised of lists. When they ask for a list, they want a list, but what you include is critical to making a case for yourself as an applicant. Do not transparently describe Columbia. Saying “two greens in front of a library with flags to indicate if you can go onto them,” is not cute. If you don’t know what we’re talking about and want to go to Columbia, press pause on your supplement to do some more research about the school and campus. Instead, you should focus on what you want in a school outside of the landscaping or the predominate weather patterns. What kind of culture do you want to be part of? What kind of people do you want to be surrounded by? What type of relationship do you want to have with your professors? Do you want to spend your time in small classes that demand participation, or are you more of a lecture hall kind of person? Most importantly, be accurate. If you say that you want to attend a college where, within a month of being there, you recognize nearly everyone, Columbia isn’t a good fit. Make sure that what you are including are things that Columbia can provide.  List the titles of the required readings from courses during the school year or summer that you enjoyed most in the past year. (150 words or less)You’ll find that the theme of this supplement is simple: be honest, don’t inflate. You don’t need to use all 150 words. If you were assigned enough books in the last 12 months to take up 150 words just by listing their titles and authors, we don’t know how you did anything else in school besides reading â€" and they know that too.  Also, remember that they are not asking you why they were your favorites. They aren’t asking for a because, just a list. List the titles of the books you read for pleasure that you enjoyed most in the past year. (150 words or less)This one goes just like the above, but now it’s outside of school! If you haven’t read any books in the past 12 months outside of school assigned reading, Columbia isn’t a good fit for you. If you have, list them here. Again, don’t make things up. List the titles of the print, electronic publications and websites you read regularly. (150 words or less)Another list! Yay! With this one, remember that you’re a teenager. Buzzfeed quizzes are ok. If you like to do Buzzfeed quizzes that match you to your potato doppelganger then guess what, you’re a teenager. Nobody is su rprised. People will be surprised if you try to say that you regularly devour the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, Barrons, and The Economist. By surprised, we mean that they won’t believe you. So, don’t do that. Be yourself. List the titles of the films, concerts, shows, exhibits, lectures and other entertainments you enjoyed most in the past year. (150 words or less)We know this is getting repetitive. Same rules as above with the whole ‘be yourself’ thing. We’re serious. We mean it. Also, cover as many of the categories they give as you can. And yes, TED Talks count.  Please tell us what you value most about Columbia and why. (300 words or less)Whew! We’ve escaped the list maze, and now you have twice as many words to actually make a point. These sorts of questions are doing two things. First, they want to know more about you. Second, they want to learn what you know about them. Have you done your homework, or are you just phoning this in? (Note: pl ease do not just phone it in.) There are a few things you need to include in this answer. They should not be presented in a list, but they should all be woven together into one awesome answer. A majorA potential concentration (that’s what Columbia calls minors) Two professors you’d like to work with and why (and please don’t just pick the most famous ones)Two classes you’d love to takeAn extracurricular you’d like to take part in A reflection on the COREIf you don’t know what the CORE is, it is literally the core of the Columbia College educational experience. The CORE is a core curriculum on steroids. It makes the majority of other colleges requirements look lazy. It is frequently compared to a second major, and not just by our team members that have had to go through it. To not mention the CORE in this supplement would be sort of like leaving out that you won the Nobel Peace Prize. Research the CORE (yay Google!) and devote a few sentences to talking about something ab out or within the CORE that particularly excites you.  Research Supplement (Optional)We don’t go into too much detail about research supplements because they don’t apply to most applicants, but if you have worked in a lab on research or have competed in high-level (state or national) science fairs, this is an excellent place to hype up the work that you’ve done. If you don’t fit into either of those categories, please skip this one.  Columbia is one of the best schools in the world, and sometimes applying gets stressful. If you’d like some one-on-one help, let us know --that’s why we’re here.

Apple SWOT Analysis - 1047 Words

Apple SWOT Analysis Introduction Apple is one of the most formidable competitors in the smartphone, tablet PC, laptop and music services arena globally. There are competing companies to Apple that continually expand adjacent market segments and excel, with Googles Android operating system and over 50 different devices being one of the most significant (Apple Investor Relations, 2013). The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) that Apple poses as a competitor and devise a series of strategies for taking advantage of their vulnerabilities to gain market share. Apple SWOT Analysis Apples strengths include the following. First, the company has a unique and highly differentiation supply chain that is able to quickly take conceptual designs and transform them into finished products (Cusumano, 2008). Complimenting their supply chain is their second significant strength which is their new product development and innovation processes that continually create products that redefine entire product categories (Cole, Matsumiya, 2007). Third, the creation and continual development of the Apple iTunes platform has revolutionized the music and electronics industries, illustrating the power of a platform to monetize a business (Jonash, Koehler, Onassis, 2007). Fourth, Apple has created a unique organizational structure that is very difficult to replicate, taking product engineering, ergonomics and usability, andShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis in Apple1256 Words   |  6 Pageswith this matter, one of these is using the SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats), it is considered an ideal answer. 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However, since its conception, Apple exhibited unprecedented growth in the ICT industry with itsRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Apple Inc878 Words   |  4 PagesApple Inc. SWOT SWOT Analysis Strengths Strong Brand Name Innovative Culture Efficient Supply Chain High Customer Loyalty Weaknesses Supply Chain Environmental Problems Supply Chain Human Rights Issues Leadership/Loss of Steve Jobs Opportunities New Breakthrough Product Increase Market Share Maintain/Increase Customer Loyalty Threats Competitive Rivalry Negative Supply Chain Publicity Slow Economic Recovery Analysis Apple Inc. has prided itself on product innovation sinceRead MoreSWOT Analysis: Apple Inc1462 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Apple Inc. I. SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Strong Brand Image Faulty Products Financial Performance is Robust Infringement on Patents The Company has a focus on research and product development    Launch of iPad reported as revolutionary Mac OS lacks gaming capabilities Strong reliable OS Nonupgradable Mac PC Easy to use and intuitive gadgets Limited Product Range Small products with stylish designs    Product integrations    Opportunities Threats Smartphones CompetitionRead MoreApple, Inc. SWOT analysis2435 Words   |  10 PagesApple, Inc. SWOT analysis Carzadean Lawton MGT680-Strategic Management Dr. Leland Taylor June 30, 2013 Abstract Apple Computers Inc. has made its mark in the industry by creating innovative products which continues to redefine the design of computers. In the past there have been companies who have failed to succeed at trying to replicate Apple’s design. In this report, we will identify examples of the good and the bad of business practices. 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Research Methods: Throughout this report, I referred to both primary and secondary sources. My first and one of my main sources was a questionnaire; see appendix 2Read MoreSwot Analysis Of Apple Inc.1898 Words   |  8 Pagesinvestigative study sets out to enact a SWOT analysis of Apple Inc. During the report I will discuss the current market position of Apple, it’s strengths and weaknesses going forward, as well as any potential opportunities or threats to it’s business model. It will culminate with an analysis of whether SWOT is an effective tool in helping a tech-giant such as Apple improve or update its business. Introduction: Defining and exploring SWOT Morrison (2011) defines ‘SWOT analysis is a familiar analytical tool

Types And Causes Of Liquidity Risks Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2039 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? There are many causes of liquidity risk liquidity risk actually arises when the one party wants to trading an asset cannot do it because in the market no one wants to trade that asset .The persons who are about to hold or currently hold the asset and want to trade that asset then liquidity risk become partial important to them as it affects their ability to do business. From drop of price to zero is very different from that appearance of liquidity risk. In the case when the assets price drop to zero then market said that asset is valueless. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Types And Causes Of Liquidity Risks Finance Essay" essay for you Create order On the other hand when one party found that the other party is not interested in buying and selling of an asset then it become a big problem for the participant of a market to find the other interested party. so we can say that in the emerging markets or low volume markets the risk of liquidity is higher. Due to uncertain liquidity the liquidity risk is known as a financial risk. An institution might lose liquidity if its  credit rating  falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the institution. A firm is also exposed to liquidity risk if markets on which it depends are subject to loss of liquidity. Liquidity risk tends to compound other risks. If a trading organization has a position in an illiquid asset, its limited ability to liquidate that position at short notice will compound its market risk. Suppose a firm has offsetting cash flows with two different counterparties on a given day. If the  counterparty  that owes it a  payment  defaults, the firm will have to raise cash from other sources to make its  payment. Should it be unable to do so, it too will default. Here, liquidity  risk  is compounding  credit risk. A position can be hedged against market risk but still entail liquidity risk. This is true in the above credit risk example-the two payments are offsetting, so they entail credit risk but not market risk. Another example is the 1993  Metallgesellschaft  debacle. Futures contracts were used to hedge an Over-the-counter finance OTC obligation. It is debatable whether the hedge was effective from a market risk standpoint, but it was the liquidity crisis caused by staggering margin calls on the futures that forced Metallgesellschaft to unwind the positions. Accordingly, liquidity risk has to be managed in addition to market, credit and other risks. Because of its te ndency to compound other risks, it is difficult or impossible to isolate liquidity risk. In all but the most simple of circumstances, comprehensive metrics of liquidity risk do not exist. Certain techniques of asset-liability management can be applied to assessing liquidity risk. A simple test for liquidity risk is to look at future net cash flows on a day-by-day basis. Any day that has a sizeable negative net cash flow is of concern. Such an analysis can be supplemented with stress testing. Look at net cash flows on a day-to-day basis assuming that an important counterparty defaults. Analyses such as these cannot easily take into account contingent cash flows, such as cash flows from derivatives or mortgage-backed securities. If an organizations cash flows are largely contingent, liquidity risk may be assessed using some form of scenario analysis. A general approach using scenario analysis might entail the following high-level steps: Greenspan (1999) discusses management of f oreign exchange reserves. The Liquidity at risk measure is suggested. A countrys liquidity position under a range of possible outcomes for relevant financial variables (exchange rates, commodity prices, credit spreads, etc.) is considered. It might be possible to express a standard in terms of the probabilities of different outcomes. For example, an acceptable debt structure could have an average maturity averaged over estimated distributions for relevant financial variables in excess of a certain limit. In addition, countries could be expected to hold sufficient liquid reserves to ensure that they could avoid new borrowing for one year with certain ex ante probability, such as 95 percent of the time. 2.6.3-Scenario analysis-based contingency plans: The FDIC discuss liquidity risk management and write Contingency funding plans should incorporate events that could rapidly affect an institutions liquidity, including a sudden inability to securitize assets, tightening of collateral requirements or other restrictive terms associated with secured borrowings, or the loss of a large depositor or counterparty.Greenspans liquidity at risk concept is an example of scenario based liquidity risk management. 2.6.4-Diversification of liquidity providers: If several liquidity providers are on call then if any of those providers increases its costs of supplying liquidity, the impact of this is reduced. The American Academy of Actuaries wrote While a company is in good financial shape, it may wish to establish durable, ever-green (i.e., always available) liquidity lines of credit. The credit issuer should have an appropriately high credit rating to increase the chances that the resources will be there when needed. 2.6.5-Derivatives: Bhaduri, Meissner and Youn discuss five derivatives created specifically for hedging liquidity risk.: Withdrawal option: A put of the illiquid underlying at the market price. Bermudan-style return put option: Right to put the option at a specified strike. Return swap: Swap the underlyings return for LIBOR paid periodicially. Return swaption: Option to enter into the return swap. Liquidity option: Knock-in barrier option, where the barrier is liquidity metric. 2.7-Quantity of Liquidity Risk Indicators: The following indicators, as appropriate, should be used when assessing the quantity of liquidity risk. It is not necessary to exhibit every characteristic, or a majority of the characteristic, to be accorded the rating. 2.7.1-Low: Funding sources are abundant and provide a competitive cost advantage. Funding is widely diversified. There is little or no reliance on wholesale funding sources or other credit-sensitive funds providers. Market alternatives exceed demand for liquidity, with no adverse changes expected. Capacity to augment liquidity through asset sales and/or securitization is strong and the Bank has an established record in accessing these markets. The volume of wholesale liabilities with embedded options is low. The Bank is not vulnerable to funding difficulties should a material adverse change occur in market perception. Support provided by the parent company is strong. Earnings and capital exposure from the liquidity risk profile is negligible. 2.7.2-Moderate Sufficient funding sources are available which provide cost-effective liquidity; Funding is generally diversified, with a few providers that may share common objectives and economic influences, but no significant concentrations. A modest reliance on wholesale funding may be evident. Market alternatives are available to meet demand for liquidity at reasonable terms, costs, and tenors. The liquidity position is not expected to deteriorate in the near term. The Bank has the potential capacity to augment liquidity through asset sales and/or securitization, but has little experience in accessing these markets. Some wholesale funds contain embedded options, but potential impact is not significant. The Bank is not excessively vulnerable to funding difficulties should a material adverse change occur in market perception. The parent company provides adequate support. Earnings or capital exposure from the liquidity risk profile is manageable. 2.7.3-High: Funding sources and liability structures suggest current or potential difficulty in maintaining log-term and cost-effective liquidity. Borrowing sources may be concentrated in a few providers or providers with common investment objectives or economic influences. A significant reliance on wholesale funds is evident. Liquidity needs are increasing, but sources of market alternatives at reasonable terms, costs, and tenors are declining. The Bank exhibits little capacity or potential to augment liquidity through asset sales or securitization. A lack of experience accessing these markets or unfavorable reputation may make this option questionable. Material volumes of wholesale funds contain embedded options. The potential impact is significant. The Banks liquidity profile makes it vulnerable to funding difficulties should a material adverse change occur. There is little or unknown support provided by the parent company. Potential exposure to loss of earnings or capi tal due to high liability costs or unplanned asset reduction may be substantial. Liquidity risk management Achieving best practice Managing liquidity risk is often about applied common sense, like operational risk it requires a firm-wide approach and this places a high demand on the right processes and procedures. Any management information system used to mitigate liquidity risk should be: Accurate The best way of encouraging accuracy is to keep reporting simple. Communicative Report and information should speak plainly. Regular Timely reporting allows managers to judge changes in the market and their organizations liquidity profile. Comprehensive Must reflect your organizational reality, such as different entities, jurisdictions and regulations. Realistic Scenario must be rigorous if risk is to be identified in real situations. 2.8-Quality of Liquidity Risk Management The following indicators, as appropriate, should be used when assessing the quality of liquidity risk management. 2.8.1-Strong Board approved policies effectively communicate guidelines for liquidity risk management and designate responsibility. The liquidity risk management process is effective in identifying, measuring, monitoring, and controlling liquidity risk. Reflects a sound culture that has proven effective over time. Management fully understands all aspects of liquidity risk. Management anticipates and responds well to changing market conditions. The contingency funding plan is well-developed, effective and useful. The plan incorporates reasonable assumptions, scenarios, and crisis management planning, and is tailored to the needs of the institution. Management information systems focus on significant issues and produce timely, accurate, complete, and meaningful information to enable effective management of liquidity. Internal audit coverage is comprehensive and effective. The scope and frequency are reasonable. 2.8.2-Satisfactory Board approved policies adequately communicate guidance for liquidity risk management and assign responsibility. Minor weaknesses may be present. The liquidity risk management process is generally effective in identifying, measuring, monitoring, and controlling liquidity. There may be minor weaknesses given the complexity of the risks undertaken, but these are easily corrected. Management reasonably understands the key aspects of liquidity risk. Management adequately responds to changes in market conditions. The contingency funding plan is adequate. The plan is current, reasonably addresses most relevant issues, and contains an adequate level of detail including multiple scenario analysis. The plan may require minor refinement. Management information systems adequately capture concentrations and rollover risk, and are timely, accurate, and complete. Recommendations are minor and do not impact effectiveness. Internal audit is satisfactory. Any wea knesses are minor and do not impair effectiveness or reliance on audit findings. 2.8.3-Weak Board approved policies are inadequate or incomplete. Policy is deficient in one or more material respects. The liquidity risk management process is ineffective in identifying, measuring, monitoring, and controlling liquidity risk. This may be true in one or more material respects, given the complexity of the risks undertaken. Management does not fully understand, or chooses to ignore, key aspects of liquidity risk. Management does not anticipate or take timely or appropriate actions in response to changes in market conditions. The contingency funding plan is inadequate or nonexistent. Plan may exist, but is not tailored to the institution, is not realistic, or is not properly implemented. The plan may not consider cost-effectiveness or availability of funds in a non-investment grade or CAMEL 3 environment. Management information systems are deficient. Material information may be lacking or inaccurate, and reports are not meaningful. Internal audit covera ge is nonexistent or ineffective due to one or more material deficiencies. 2.9-Common problems and misconceptions: Liquidity  risk  is one of the least understood and most underestimated risks that financial markets participants are exposed to. Reasons for this include: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Under normal market conditions,  liquidity  problems are not observed ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Liquidity  risk  does not lend itself to readily usable measures ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Despite specific BIS recommendations,  liquidity  risk  management  is left out of capital adequacy calculations due to a lack of control and regulation ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Liquidity  management is often confused with liquidity  risk  management ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Market and credit  risk  management  focus on assets, while  liquidity  risk can stem from liabilities as well Liquidity  risk  is also different in natu re to market and credit  risk  and needs to be thought of differently; ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Normal markets analyses (expected or going-concern situations) are insufficient; liquidity  risk  can only be understood with scenario-based stress testing ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Historical measures of  liquidity  are irrelevant; prospective views are essential ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Liquidity  risk  cannot be readily hedged, and can only be mitigated against through rigorous monitoring and controls ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The pricing of many instruments does not properly charge for  liquidity

The Odyssey Study Guide - 2304 Words

Study Guide Questions: Homer’s Odyssey Directions: Provide clear and accurate responses to the following questions. Incorporate quoted evidence for support , provide page numbers, and insightful analysis (how or why the information/quote is important). Use blue/black ink and make your responses legible. Book I 1. What does the invocation (the first 13 lines) say the poem as a whole will emphasize? 2. What first impression does this book give us of the gods? How much of a role do they play in human affairs? What seems to motivate their actions? 3. What is our first introduction to various characters? The suitors, for instance†¦. are they a homogeneous group, or are there differences among them? What†¦show more content†¦Describe/Discuss Nausicaa’s behavior/interaction with Odysseus. What makes Nausicaa an admirable character? How does Odysseus treat Nausicaa? Provide character analysis. Book VII 16. What sort of kingdom is Phaecia? How well is it governed, judging from the way the King relates to his family and subjects, and the way he receives the suppliant who washed up on his shores? 17. Discuss Odysseus’ interaction with Arà ªte. Provide analysis. What does Odysseus say when Arà ªte questions him sharply and asks him to reveal his identity? Study Guide Questions: Homer’s Odyssey Directions: Provide clear and accurate responses to the following questions. Incorporate quoted evidence for support , provide page numbers, and insightful analysis (how or why the information/quote is important). Use blue/black ink and make your responses legible. Book VIII 18. What effect does the first song sung by Demodocus have upon Odysseus? Demodocus sings again later in the book - again, with what effect on Odysseus? Discuss and analyze each of these songs and their effect on Odysseus. 19. How does Odysseus respond to Euryalus’ challenge? Why? What Odyssean qualities shine through in this episode of athletic competition? 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Michelangelo my vision Essay Example For Students

Michelangelo my vision Essay Michelangelo was a man of many trades who, throughout his life, created, painted, and designed artistic masterpieces. He was a marvel of his time.. He was celebrated as the greatest artist ever because of his great work in the areas of sculpting, painting, drafter, architecture, and poetry. A genius with his ingenuity and thought process in the way he came up with the ideas that have now become modern masterpieces and wonders to us. Hard work and education to his true passion led to his success and fame in cities all around. He is a man who truly lived life to the fullest. He worked every day of his life and finally rested on his deathbed. Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475 (Summers 483). His full name is Michelangelo did Ladylove Bonaparte Simmons (Michelangelo). He was born in a small village of Cappers in Valerie (Arizona 4). His father was Leonardo did Burrito Simons (Michelangelo). His mothers name was Francesca did Amanita De Sera (Arizona 4). He had four other brothers (Michelangelo). Due to his mothers illness he was placed with a family of stone cutters. She died giving birth to the fifth child in 1481 (Arizona 4). It might have been his grammar school friend, Francesco, six years his senior, who introduced Michelangelo to the painter Director Giordano (Michelangelo). His father agreed to apprentice him at age thirteen. There he was exposed to the technique of fresco. Before his apprenticeship had completed, he stopped painting and took on sculptures (Summers 483). At the recommendation of Giordano, he moved into the palace of a great paint named, Florentine ruler Lorenz the Magnificent De Medici was influenced by Napoleonic thought. This was a fertile time for Michelangelo. His time with the Medici family was 1489 to 1492 (Michelangelo). After the Medici family lost power he began to travel. During his younger years he began to study anatomy (Summers 483). He studied under sculptor Bordello did Giovanni. He obtained permission from the church to study cadavers. These combined influences led to his distinctive style: muscular precision and reality combined with an almost lyrical beauty (Michelangelo). His earliest surviving sculpture is a small unfinished relief of a battle, done when he was sixteen. It shows the obvious influence of ancient Roman marble sculpture belonging to Lorenz Summers 483). He lived in Rome from 1496 to 1501. As a student in Rome he was called Universal Genius (Michelangelo). His drawing career lasted over seventy years, and he was able to change his style to fit the period of time (Michelangelo). Michelangelo was able to do as many as three projects at a time. He was a great sculpture early in life, and then he learned how to draw and paint. Like most artists of his time he painted religious scenes. He was a Catholic and most of his drawings and painting resemble his beliefs in his artwork (Michelangelo). His first marked success was a life size statue of the Roman wine god Bacchus held in Rome. At age twenty-three, he carved a version of the traditional Pieta (Michelangelo). From 1508 through 1 512, Michelangelo time was occupied by The Sistine Chapel Ceiling. Michelangelo largest and most famous paint was that on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (Castle, pig. L). The Pope died in 1513, and then Michelangelo signed a contract with Julius to build a tomb, but it had to be finished within seven years. However, Michelangelo attention was not on the tomb exclusively. After Leo Axs election Michelangelo was hired to refurbish the facade on the Papal Chapel in Castle Gentlemans, Rome. Between 1514 and 1521 he signed several contracts to sculpture and paint art. Another contract was signed with Julius to build a smaller Julian Monument, and it was drawn up in 1516. Many people think that Sultans Tomb was not Michelangelo best work, but this only the medias idea about his work. Michelangelo was also a great painter. He produced a few easel paintings. .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .postImageUrl , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:hover , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:visited , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:active { border:0!important; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:active , .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8 .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua2e7fa66af6045b646ed0af8707a12a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why is it Justifiable to Describe TCD's Exam Hall EssayHis ambition was truly seen in his paintings (Michelangelo). Michelangelo was painting sutures early in the 16th century. During that time he was making some cartoons, but very few were published. One of his cartoons, Battle of Casino, was highly influential, but the cartoon somehow disappeared. The Sistine Ceiling is one of Michelangelo greatest paintings. It is probably his most well known piece of art. The Pope asked Michelangelo to redo the ceiling because the Pope thought that the gold background with blue stars were not powerful enough to be in the Sistine Chapel. Michelangelo had many drawings to pick from, but he decided to go with the helve Apostles design. Some of Michelangelo late work was also really good, such as The Last Judgment. Gigolo Dad Fabian didnt like Michelangelo, so he tried to destroy his reputation by saying that Michelangelo painting was no good, but according to most, it was one of Michelangelo greatest paintings. He also painted the Last Judgment over the altar in the chapel. The Last Judgment took 6 years for him to finish, from 1535 and 1541 Michelangelo was also able to draw with the best of them. Most people use their drawing ability to get an education, but Michelangelo used raring as a way to express his feelings. Many of Michelangelo drawings became collector items during the sasss; many people didnt accept the drawings. Michelangelo gave his drawings as gifts during special holidays. During the 20th century many people started to accept his drawings. Michelangelo was also an architect. One great piece he did was for the Medici Family. It was a miniature model for Leo Axs Chapel at Castle Sandstones, Rome. It looked like Julius tomb, but it didnt have that much sculpturing work. The miniature model for Leo Axs Chapel at Castle Sandstones, Rome took him a long time to complete, because there were so many details which need to be perfectly placed. Michelangelo was able to do so many things at once which influenced many people, and those people didnt realize how great Michelangelo art was until his death. Many people think Michelangelo was sent by God to paint, draw, and scul pture. Michelangelo became a very powerful person during his lifetime. He was great friends with most of the kings and queens in most of the countries (Michelangelo). Michelangelo didnt leave any teaching notes or any of his followers. Michelangelo is one of the most talented artists ever, and he was one of the creators of the Roman High Renaissance with Leonardo dad Vinci. Michelangelo drawings, paintings, sculpturing, and architecture work is still very popular in todays society. Michelangelo will still be the most influential artist leading into the 21st century. Michelangelo was also a magnificent architect. In 1560, he designed a dome to cover a massive opening, on the Sistine Chapel. They began to construct the dome that he had designed in 1560 (The Panorama, IPPP).